Household structure and consumption insurance of the elderly

This paper examines the role of household formation in providing consumption insurance to the elderly. Using data from the Consumer Expenditure Surveys, raw tabulations of per adult equivalent consumption indicate that the elderly who live alone have higher levels of well-being relative to those who live with others. This is misleading, however, because the decision to live alone is clearly endogenous. The empirical estimation accounts for this endogeneity using data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. The results provide evidence that household formation plays a significant role in maintaining consumption levels. Without the opportunity to live with others, the welfare gap measured by the difference between per adult equivalent consumption levels of dependent and independent livers would be even larger. These findings suggest that co-residing with others effectively supplements social security, pensions, and private savings and helps the elderly to smooth consumption in old age.

考虑鉴真服务和消费者偏好的混合E-供应链决策研究

鉴真服务平台通过提供鉴真服务,为线上商品的出售提供了质量保障,切实提高了消费满意度,降低了线上产品退货率。对此,本文构建了由鉴真服务E-供应链和传统E-供应链组成的混合E-供应链系统;运用Stackelberg博弈,求解集中式和分散式决策下的最优定价策略及利润;分析鉴真努力程度对各模型运作的影响,并对不同模型的最优决策进行比较;最后通过数值分析,对模型结论进行验证。研究表明：1)无论是集中式决策还是分散式决策,两个渠道的产品销售价格均随鉴真努力程度的增大而增加,而混合E-供应链总利润随鉴真努力程度的增大先减小后增大;2)分散式决策模式中,鉴真渠道的产品销售价格在销售商主导模型下更高,而销售商总利润和鉴真平台利润在鉴真平台主导模型下更高,且鉴真平台所获取的佣金及鉴真平台的利润均随鉴真努力程度的增大而增加,销售商总利润随鉴真努力程度的增加先减小后增大;3)集中式决策模式中混合E-供应链的总利润最高,且此时主要利润为销售商所得。本文的研究进一步丰富和发展了混合E-供应链决策理论,而且为鉴真服务平台和线上销售商的经营决策提供参考。     

产业集群培育与城市功能优化

产业集群对地区经济发展具有积极的作用.集群的形成是多种因素综合作用的结果,本质上依赖于城市功能的支持.城市功能是个系统概念,是要素、结构和支持体系的统一.按照系统性、个性化的原则优化城市功能,可有效培育产业集群,带动地区经济发展.     

Nexus及其在英汉文学翻译中的应用

junction 和nexus 是丹麦语言学家Otto Jespersen 提出的一对语言学概念.Jespersen认为一个首品词(primary)和一个附着语(adjunct)组合成一个偏正结构(junction),而一个首品词(primary)和一个谓语(predicate)组合成一个主谓结构 (nexus).Junction 是一个意义的合成,只表达一个意义;Nexus则包含两个意义.Jespersen对比二者得出结论:junction 就好比一幅画,而nexus则是一个过程,一出戏;前者较为呆板,缺乏生气,后者却灵活生动,富于生机.本文着重比较了junction和nexus的不同之处,进而讨论了nexus在英汉文学翻译中的应用,以期在实践中验证nexus的优势.     

建设工业强县与实现旬阳经济社会协调发展

自20世纪90年代后期开始,旬阳县工业经济迅速成长,工业强县的地位日益凸显.但是,旬阳教育科技相对落后,城镇化水平相对较低,南北区域经济差距较大,人口发展相对滞后,这些都成为制约旬阳工业经济进一步发展的重要因素.旬阳在建设工业强县过程中,必须坚持科学的发展观,实现经济社会协调发展;必须用现代工业理念谋划农业,在工业化过程中解决"三农"问题;必须把建设工业强县建立在依靠技术进步和提高劳动生产力的基础上;必须搞好工业布局,实现城乡统筹发展,南北区域协调发展.     

辽宁实施人才强省战略面临的问题与对策研究

实施人才战略是现代国家、地区繁荣和发展经济的必然选择。走人才强省之路是振兴辽宁老工业基地的必由之路。辽宁在实施人才强省战略过程中,遇到了人才观念陈旧,人才队伍实力不强,人才管理机制滞后,分配制度滞后,人才引力不够等问题,在对这些问题进行剖析的基础上,提出了树立人才新理念,建立市场取向的人才资源开发机制,建立切实可行的人才资源引进机制,建立客观公正的人才资源使用机制,建立科学有效的人才资源激励机制等对策。     

我国义务教育经费投入的规模与结构分析

因政府间财力分配与教育事权划分的不对称,我国教育财力在三级教育间的支出结构严重失调,义务教育经费短缺的矛盾十分突出。同时,在区域经济差距不断扩大的背景下,随着基础教育管理体制分权化改革的推进,义务教育经费投入的区域差异呈明显扩大趋势。因此,应通过提升义务教育公共投资主体的重心,强化中央和省级财政对义务教育发展的事权职责,实施义务教育财政转移支付等途径,促进义务教育的优先与协调发展。     

Structure and agency between French and Morphogenetic Régulation

This article examines the gradual evolution of the French Régulation school (FR) for the study of capitalism through the lens of structure and agency. The analysis first segments the school into two epochs, the early Régulation, led by authors Aglietta and Lipietz, and the later Régulation, which saw the rise of Boyer. We find that the gradual progression that occurred within the FR school is linked to its authors' implicit ontic engagement with structure and agency, which, in turn, provides natural linkages to Critical Realism. In the second part of the paper, we demonstrate how the comparison between Morphogenetic Régulation and French Régulation (FR) can facilitate a much deeper reading of the structure-agency debate pertaining to the transformation of capitalism. In so doing, it discusses the value addedness of Morphogenetic Régulation through three specific concepts by stressing their relevance for contemporary studies in international political economy. These concepts are: stratified emergence; causality and the problématique of hierarchy.     

Vertical foodweb structure of freshwater zooplankton assemblages estimated by stable nitrogen isotopes

Although theoretical foodweb models predict the presence of only three to four trophic categories, estimation of “potential” vertical foodweb structure from species lists and inferred feeding interactions suggest that as many as 7 trophic categories can occur in the pelagic foodwebs of North American glaciated lakes. A compilation of data on the nitrogen isotopic composition of zooplankton from 46 Canadian Shield lakes suggested the average existence of one “realized” trophic category in addition to that of filter-feeding, herbivorous cladocerans. When phytoplankton, planktivorous invertebrates, and plantivorous and piscivorous fish are included, the vertical foodweb structure in the pelagic zones of these lakes are greater than those hypothesized from some theoretical models.     

佛教传入后志怪叙事性格的变化

随着佛教的传入与迅速发展,中国古代志怪小说从内容到形式,都经历了一场潜移默化的变革.主要表现在:形式上,从"史学"的一部分发展为注重故事性、趣味性的"文学";内容上,从对自然世界的关心转变为对人性的关心;结构上,从单线直叙完善为人物复杂,因果错综,情节曲折的志怪文学.这种变化兴盛于佛教在中国迅速扩大的晋唐之间,形成了不同于初期志怪的佛教类志怪,并推进了中国小说文学的发展.